可持续的海带种植可以成为一个主要的行业吗？

来自Macroalgae种植的产品可以成为全球全球的产业。这些宏观格子可用于食品，药物，保健食品和化妆品，作为生物燃料，作为来自化石燃料的塑料制品的替代品。藻类有许多其他用途。

Calculations from SINTEF show that in 2050, as much as 20 million tonnes of kelp can be grown a year in Norway. In 2018, the national production was a modest 178 tonnes. The potential for cultivation is thus around one hundred thousand times greater than today's production.

如果这样一个强大的升级是以可持续的方式进行，研究人员需要了解积极和负面影响的行业在海洋中的生态系统。

Will an upscaling of kelp cultivation be positive for biodiversity along the coast? Can cultivation plants function as an artificial kelp forest? Or will new facilities promote the spread of alien and unwanted species?

- 我们试图回答这些重要问题，以便我们可以确保可持续的管理，并促进海带培养行业长期规划所需的知识，卡斯珀·汉克解释。他是挪威水研究所（Niva）和研究项目Kelppro项目经理的研究员。

- In this project, we have investigated where a kelp cultivation plant should be located for production and how the production affects biodiversity and the transport of nutrients and carbon in the sea, says Hancke.

Living conditions in artificial and natural kelp forest

天然海藻森林是一个复杂的生态系统。这些森林在山脉和大岩石上生长至大约30米深。在那里，物种，丰富的生物多样性，在很长一段时间内适应了生活。

However, a kelp farm hangs in the sea only for a relatively short period of time. And only to cultivate more of one species.

看到有什么影响海藻栽培植物on the marine ecosystem, researchers and students from NIVA have investigated whether the animal communities in such an artificial kelp forest reflect what is found in natural kelp forests. They have also investigated what the facilities mean for unwanted, endangered and vulnerable species.

Ragnhild Ryther Grimm Torstensen已经撰写了硕士学位论文，硕士学位糖海带的环境影响，作为KelpPro项目的一部分。该学生在特隆赫姆郊外的Frøya海藻解决方案上进行了研究。旧ld乐动体育网址ldsports体育资讯ldsports体育资讯她在尼维亚的研究员的指导下，她在植物中和自然海带森林中收集了海带。

- We investigated, among other things, the effect of how long the kelp hangs out in the plant, to see if the growth period affects the kelp cultivation plant's ecological function, says Torstensen.

Findings show that the kelp cultivation plant has an ecological function as an artificial habitat during the period the kelp hangs in the plant.

At the same time, the study suggests that society is strongly influenced by what is found in the surrounding natural kelp forests - no matter what species of kelp this is. The time the kelp hangs out in the plant also has a meaning.

- The results from this study are very relevant to ensure sustainable management and good, long-term planning of the industry, both now and in the future with a potential upscaling, Torstensen explains.

无法入狱的客人占据了设施

空洞设施，即使在春天收获海带之后，即使在海带收获之后，也有动物社区。这表明即使在海带收获后，植物也可能​​具有生态功能。

学生和研究人员在秋天在海带农场的绳子上发现了特别大的鬼魂日本鬼虾。他们还发现该地区码头下的物种。日本幽灵虾最初属于太平洋，并于1999年在挪威首次观察到。

The researchers believe this is worrying, since this is a species that is placed in the category of very high risk in the Alien Species List.

- Trine Bekkby表示，它是由于其巨大的入侵潜力和生态效应。她是尼维的研究员，并领导了这项工作。

No Japanese ghost shrimp were found in the kelp farm in the spring, ie when there was still kelp in the farm. The researchers assume that one explanation may be that the algae at the plant blocked the ghost shrimp, which in any case thrive best under jetties and in algae that are in similar artificial places.

More knowledge needed

The researchers have only investigated this one plant in the project. They have to look at several plants along the entire coast, under different environmental conditions, before they can come to conclusions that show what role kelp plants play in the sea.

But already now the study shows that it is important to take into account a possible spread of alien species in an upscaling of the industry. The choice of materials and location will also be important.

- 如果此类设施有助于传播竞争性和占优势，不需要的物种对自然栖息地，因此后果可能是伟大的。

- It is therefore necessary with more knowledge based on similar and new studies in the future to be able to provide a good basis for sustainable management of the industry, she says.

Translated from original article (in Norwegian):https://forskning.no/havet-mar...

Link to video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?...